As of 2021, Russia has a population of 144.1 million, making it the ninth largest country in the world by this measure. There are 46.4% males and 53.6% females.

There are 67.6 million people employed in Russia, with an unemployment rate of 5.7% – 3.5 million people.


Russia is the 12th largest economy in the world with a GDP of $1.5trn. Russia’s GDP has grown by 4% between 2010 and 2021 and is expected to grow by 35% by 2025.

As of 2021 there are 5.3 million students in tertiary education in Russia, with 11.0 million students in secondary and 6.9 million in primary education. Russia spent 2.8% of its GDP on education in 2019.

Russia ranked 28th in the World Bank’s Doing Business Report (2020). In the 2019 report it finished 31st. In the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report (2019), Russia finished 43rd, after ranking 43rd in 2018.

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Public healthcare expenditure totalled $51.3bn and private healthcare expenditure equalled $36.7bn in 2018.

The largest urban areas in Russia are Moscow (21.2 million people), Saint Petersburg (7.5 million) and Novosibirsk (1.7 million).